What is the difference between bacteria, germs, and viruses? - FREE NEWS
What is the difference between bacteria, germs, and viruses? - FREE NEWS |
- What is the difference between bacteria, germs, and viruses? - FREE NEWS
- Healthcare BPO Market Astonishing Growth | Top Competitors like Accenture, Cognizant, GeBBS Healthcare Solutions, United Health Group, Firstsource - 3rd Watch News
- What are zoonotic diseases, how they spread, and how to prevent them - Insider - INSIDER
| What is the difference between bacteria, germs, and viruses? - FREE NEWS Posted: 16 Jun 2020 01:23 AM PDT Bacteria, viruses and various parasites have troubled humanity throughout its history. You don't have to go far for examples; the outbreak of coronavirus in 2020 is a vivid confirmation of this. But microorganisms also changed their lives (and not always for the worse) and influenced our evolution. For example, parasites helped our immune system find the necessary stimulus and become working, and the bacteria completely determined the rules of life on this planet. Sometimes it seems that we humans are just toys in their hands. And here a quite reasonable question arises: how, in fact, are microbes, bacteria and viruses different? What are microbes Microbes are microscopic organisms that live in the environment. Microbes can live not only in the earth, in water or air, but also even inside plants, animals, and humans. Most microbes are harmless to humans, but there are those that, when ingested, cause various diseases and infections. Depending on the structure and influence on a person, several types of microbes are distinguished, including the most common:
In other words, microbes are all living microorganisms that surround us. And already they are divided into types. Most often in everyday life, bacteria are meant by microbes, that is, they are equated with each other. In theory, this can be done (we call oranges fruits), but bacteria are a separate class of microbes.  What are bacteria Bacteria are unicellular microorganisms (microbes) that do not have a formed cell nucleus. This is the most common type of living organism that lives on Earth. Bacteria are not only "bad", which cause infections and subsequent diseases. Many bacteria are an integral part of human life, without them we simply could not have lived. For example, at this moment, when you read this text, you benefit from the work of bacteria. From the oxygen you inhale to the nutrients your stomach extracts from food, you need to thank the bacteria for their prosperity on this planet. In our body, microorganisms, including bacteria, are about ten times more than our own cells. There are about 39 trillion bacteria in the human body. Because of this, many joke that we are probably more microbes than people. And to a certain extent this is true.  Why are bacteria so unique? Everything in the world consists of cells – these are the building blocks of life, the tissues of our body, the foot of your cat, and the tree that grows outside the window are made up of them. Such cells have a nucleus and are called eukaryotes. Bacteria do not have nuclei, and their genetic material (DNA) floats freely inside the cell. They have other methods of reproduction and transmission of genetic material. Bacteria are considered prokaryotes. What is the difference between bacteria and microbes To isolate bacteria among microbes, you need to make sure that we are dealing with a unicellular, non-nuclear organism. This is done by specialists – microbiologists. Microbiology – the science of all types of microbes, including bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoa – allows you to distinguish bacteria from their microbial brothers. Unlike other microbes, bacteria are categorized according to criteria that apply only to them:
Most bacteria are useful, and they are often used in industry, using one of their brightest qualities: they can eat what a person cannot. Bacteria have evolved to absorb all types of products, from oil spills and by-products of nuclear decay to human waste and decomposition products. It is the bacteria that cause the unpleasant odor that appears in the wastebasket – they process the remnants of food and emit their own gaseous by-products. You can also blame the bacteria for causing these awkward moments when you yourself emit gas, or if you have bad breath. How old are bacteria? Scientists still cannot answer this question. Presumably it was they who produced some of the oldest fossils, which are 3.5 billion years old. How many bacteria existed before that is hard to imagine. The fact is that some bacteria can withstand extreme conditions, when either it is very hot or cold, or there are no nutrients and chemicals that we usually associate with life. They can exist almost forever. Harmful bacteria Despite the presence of many beneficial properties, some bacteria can be pathogenic, that is, cause diseases and illnesses. For example, it was the bacteria that caused the plague: the plague bacillus Yersinia pestis killed over 100 million people. It is the bacteria that are responsible for staph infections. Moreover, they differ in their ability to develop antibiotic resistance. So the bacteria that cause anthrax, pneumonia, meningitis, cholera, salmonellosis, tonsillitis, and other diseases are always dangerous for us.  Most harmful bacteria can be destroyed with antibiotics, but if you stop treatment prematurely, those bacteria that survive will develop resistance to the drug and remain, waiting for the next chance. Therefore, doctors recommend completing the course of antibiotics to the end. Bacteria can also be used as biological weapons. For example, it was with their help that epidemics of anthrax were artificially arranged at one time. Therefore, do not underestimate these unicellular organisms. In fact, we are entirely in their power. Bacteria of the species Halomonas titanicae are right now corroding the metal leftover from the wreck of the Titanic ship. Imagine what they are capable of.  What is a virus? But if bacteria can be so dangerous, why are we more afraid of viruses than bacteria? Unlike bacteria, viruses can infect not only complex living organisms, but … bacteria themselves. A virus is a non-cellular infectious organism that can only live inside living cells. Viruses can infect all organisms, from plants and animals to bacteria and archaea. At the same time, these are parasites, that is, they cannot survive on their own, unlike bacteria. Viruses use cells (humans, plants, animals) to live. If the virus appears outside the cell, it exists in the form of a viral particle, but it can also be dangerous: any contact with a living cell can activate it, give it food. At the same time, the virus cannot reproduce by the cellular method – it creates its copies only with the help of living cells.  When the virus is near the cell, it attaches to it, creating a connection between the viral envelope proteins and receptors on the surface of the living cell. Through this connection, the virus enters the cell and releases its genetic material. And there it's the small business – to create your own copies and populate new cells in the same way. What is the difference between bacteria and viruses The peculiarity of viruses is that they can change at a non-genetic level. These changes lead to their mutations in living organisms; in the case of coronavirus, for example, the virus could only infect animals (bats) at first, and then change the DNA so much that it was able to infect human cells.  Viruses can be more dangerous than bacteria because of their ability to change at the genetic level. That is how the viruses of influenza, immunodeficiency, hepatitis A and C appeared. But if the viruses are parasites and cannot exist without living organisms, did they somehow appear? According to one hypothesis, viruses once (billions of years ago) were small bacteria that parasitized on larger living organisms. Later, these bacteria simplified, having lost functions that are not needed for a parasitic lifestyle. Evidence of this hypothesis is the existence of rickettsia and chlamydia. So viruses are "pumped" bacteria, which nevertheless cannot live on their own. The size of the viral particle is about 100 times smaller than the size of the bacteria, and the shape varies from just spiral to more complex structures. One of their forms is like a crown. It is she who is the very coronavirus.  Which is more dangerous – bacteria or viruses? Viruses can obviously do much more harm than bacteria. For the simple reason that there are no "good" viruses, as is the case with bacteria (like bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, which allow us to digest food). In addition, many viruses differ simply ugly behavior – they can exist for years inside the cell, causing chronic diseases. Herpes can be an example of such viruses. From the whole three – microbes, bacteria, and viruses, it turns out that the most dangerous are microbes since they include all microorganisms: both beneficial and extremely harmful to the body. Now scientists are working to extract as much benefit as possible from the "good" bacteria: the possibilities of introducing certain microbes and bacteria into the human body, which can give certain advantages, are being actively studied. For example, destroy tumors. By the way, it was because of the bacteria that penicillin was accidentally discovered – an antibiotic that saved many lives.   |
| Posted: 19 Jun 2020 12:41 PM PDT Healthcare BPO Market analysis report puts light on several factors such as market size in various countries around the world, projected CAGR of the market to grow in the forecast period 2020-2026, base year calculated in the report, key factors driving the market, most influencing segment growing in the market, top companies that hold the market share in the market, region to provide more business opportunities in the coming years and more. It examines market challenge and opportunities including markets priorities and concerns as well as motivators and de-motivators. The Healthcare BPO Market industry report gives idea about the sub-market that will make the momentous contribution to the market. Healthcare business process outsourcing (Healthcare BPO) is a specialist process vendor or technology, which manages the critical and non-critical enterprise and application of an organization. Healthcare BPO services are distinguished are based on the payers and providers. North America healthcare BPO market is expected to register a healthy CAGR of 11.0% in the forecast period of 2019 to 2026. To Remain 'Ahead' Of Your Competitors, Request for a FREE Sample Here (with covid 19 Impact Analysis) @https://www.databridgemarketresearch.com/request-a-sample/?dbmr=north-america-healthcare-bpo-market North America Healthcare BPO Market By Component (Payer Services, Provider Services, Pharmaceutical Services), End User (Hospital, Dental Clinics, Public Services, Life Sciences Companies, Medical Devices Companies, Pharmacy Benefit Managers, Others), Geography (U.S., Canada, Mexico) – Industry Trends and Forecast to 2026 The payers services include in managing the product development, business acquisitions, provides management, member management, care management, claim management services. The healthcare business process services for the providers and payers enhances the efficiencies, reduces cost, increases outcomes, reduces risk, deliver competitive services and cost effective. Healthcare outsourcing is an important part of the organization to reduce the cost by providing efficient healthcare services. The healthcare BPO services help vendors to minimize the administrative cost, minimizes the cost in delivering the healthcare, electronic medical records management, consumer engagement and clinical transformation. Also, the healthcare outsourcing helps and minimizes the error occurs in the medical billing, enable access to specialist, minimizes staff training cost. Segmentation:North America Healthcare BPO Market North America healthcare BPO market is segmented into three notable segments such as component, end user and geography On the basis of component, the market is segmented into payer services, provider services and pharmaceutical services. The payer segment is further segmented into integrated front end and back office operations, provider management, billing and accounts management, human resource management, claims management, customer relationship management, operational/administrative management, product development and care management. The provider segment is further segmented into medical billing, medical coding, medical transcription, finance and accounts, patient enrollment and strategic planning, device monitoring, revenue cycle management. The pharmaceutical services segment is further segmented as manufacturing outsourcing, pharmacovigilance services, clinical data management, research and development, non-clinical services, sales and marketing, supply chain management and logistics, other non-clinical functions and others. In 2019, provider services segment is growing at the highest CAGR and expected to reach USD in the forecast period of 2019 to 2026. In January 2019, Charles River Laboratories entered into strategic alliance with Atomwise (U.S.). This provides clients an access to artificial intelligence-powered and drug design technology. Competitive Analysis: North America Healthcare BPO Market Some of the prominent participants operating in this market are Accenture, Cognizant, GeBBS Healthcare Solutions, United Health Group, Firstsource, Charles River, Genpact, Invensis Technologies Pvt Ltd, HCL Technologies Limited, Iqvia, WNS (HOLDINGS) LTD, Pharmaceutical Product Development, LLC., Parexel, Catalent, INC, Lonza, Covance INC., Sutherland Global, INC., Premier BPO, INC., HGS LTD.,Boehringer Ingelheim. Services Launch: In 2019, In January, Accenture launched human-machine operating engine SynOps. SynOps comprises of talent, capabilities and technology to achieve efficiency. This will help the company to become more flexible and generate more operations quickly. In 2017, Lonza launched XS Pichia 2.0 Expression and Manufacturing Platform for the formulation and development of next generation therapeutics. Drivers: North America Healthcare BPO Market Regulatory Changes in the US Regulatory norms in the U.S. health-care system are imposed by private and public entities at the federal, state and country levels. These reforms are introduced as there is a constant need of enhancing quality, expanding access, and controlling costs in healthcare. Some of the major federal regulatory organizations under the umbrella of the United States Department of Health & Human Services (HHS) include: Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) Pressure to Reduce Rising Healthcare Costs: The United States has the highest healthcare cost when compared with other nations. In 2016, the nation spent about $3.3 trillion on healthcare. Healthcare costs have increased drastically over the past few years in U.S. It used to be 5% GDP in 1960 which rose to 18% in 2016. The CMS projects that this trend will only rise and will reach about $5.7 trillion by 2026. Grab Your Report at an Impressive 30% Discount! Please click Here @https://www.databridgemarketresearch.com/inquire-before-buying/?dbmr=north-america-healthcare-bpo-market Restraint:North America Healthcare BPO Market Hidden Costs of Outsourcing: Outsourcing is a common practice used by many businesses in order to gain expertise in a particular geography, improve performance and to provide a greater level of service to their customers that could not be achieved with internal management. However, in recent years the shift to outsourcing has included complete outsourcing of coding and medical records, dietary services and housekeeping. In fact, nowadays services such as ER Services, Imaging, Lab, Nursing, Supply Chain, Human Resources or even Administration are outsourced by various U.S. leading hospitals. Fear of Losing Visibility and Control Over the Business Process: One of the biggest restraints in the future growth of outsourcing market is the loss of visibility and control of your own business. Loss of control in outsourcing can mean very high costs with a sub-par product that was developed behind schedule. Many a times management fear that transferring the back-office finance & administration to an outsourced provider is equal to transfer control. OPPORTUNITIES: Big Data Analytics in Healthcare Data science plays an important role in many industries. In facing massive amounts of heterogeneous data, scalable machine learning and data mining algorithms and systems have become extremely important for data scientists. The growth of volume, complexity and speed in data, drives the need for scalable data analytic algorithms and systems. The rapidly expanding field of big data analytics has started to play a pivotal role in the evolution of healthcare practices and research. It has provided tools to accumulate, manage, analyse, and assimilate large volumes of disparate, structured, and unstructured data produced by current healthcare systems. For More Insights Get Detailed TOC @ https://www.databridgemarketresearch.com/toc/?dbmr=north-america-healthcare-bpo-market Shift to ICD-10 Coding Standards and Upcoming ICD-11 World Health Organisation (WHO) International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD) is a protocol while translating diagnoses and other health related problems in patient's medical record. The classification of diagnoses using ICD-10 is a mandatory national requirement for the NHS Admitted Patient Care (APC). ICD-10-CM is a seven-character, alphanumeric code in healthcare. Each code begins with a letter, followed by two numbers. The first three characters of ICD-10-CM are the category. The category describes the general type of the injury or disease. The category is followed by a decimal point and the subcategory. This is followed by up to two sub classifications, which further explain the cause, manifestation, location, severity, and type of injury or disease. The last character is the extension, which means encounter. Few examples from ICD-10 Coding Systems A00-B99 – Infectious and Parasitic Diseases CHALLENGES: Dearth of Skilled Workforce The healthcare business processing outsourcing (BPO) industry is a blooming industry but it faces a certain challenge which is hard to overcome. Healthcare BPO often require skilled labour like a person who is trained in medical coding or a person trained as medical scriber. This person should have in depth knowledge of medical terminologies. However, there are limited trained staffs for Healthcare BPOs. Also they are often unable to keep up with the field's ever growing demands. Market Trends: On the basis of component, themarket is segmented into payer services, provider services and pharmaceutical services. The payer segment is further segmented into integrated front end and back office operations, provider management, billing and accounts management, human resource management, claims management, customer relationship management, operational/administrative management, product development and care management. The provider segment is further segmented into medical billing, medical coding, medical transcription, finance and accounts, patient enrollment and strategic planning, device monitoring, revenue cycle management. The pharmaceutical services segment is further segmented as manufacturing outsourcing, pharmacovigilance services, clinical data management, research and development, non-clinical services, sales and marketing, supply chain management and logistics, other non-clinical functions and others. In 2019, provider services segment is growing at the highest CAGR and expected to reach USD in the forecast period of 2019 to 2026. On the basis of end user, the market is segmented into hospitals, dental clinics, public services, life sciences companies, medical devices companies, pharmacy benefit managers and others. In 2019, hospital segment is growing at the highest CAGR and expected to reach USD in the forecast period of 2019 to 2026. Contact: US: +1 888 387 2818 UK: +44 208 089 1725 Hong Kong: +852 8192 7475 About Data Bridge Market Research: An absolute way to forecast what future holds is to comprehend the trend today!  |
| What are zoonotic diseases, how they spread, and how to prevent them - Insider - INSIDER Posted: 09 Apr 2020 07:46 AM PDT
A zoonotic disease is any disease that can be passed between animals and people. Some examples of zoonotic diseases are ebola, swine flu, and the COVID-19 coronavirus. Zoonotic diseases are common, ranging from mild symptoms to potentially deadly illnesses. Experts estimate that over 60 percent of infectious diseases can be spread from animals to humans. Here's what you need to know about zoonotic diseases and how to protect yourself from getting them. How zoonotic diseases go from animals to peopleMany different types of germs can cause a zoonotic disease including bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi. "There are several ways that zoonotic pathogens move from animals to people," says Richard Ostfeld, PhD, a disease ecologist at the Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies. These pathways include:
Examples of common zoonotic diseasesRabies: One well-known zoonotic disease is rabies, a deadly condition that is transferred through an animal bite. Rabies has traditionally been associated with dogs. In fact, dogs are the source of 99 percent of rabies cases, mainly in Africa and Asia. In the US, rabies is rare. Moreover, dogs are vaccinated against rabies, so the most common sources are wild animals like bats and raccoons. Once a person starts showing symptoms like agitation and confusion, the disease is almost always fatal. Lyme Disease: Lyme disease is the most common zoonotic disease in the US. Symptoms include rash, fatigue, headache, and fever. The disease is transmitted through the bite of a blacklegged tick. Mice are typically the carriers of Lyme disease, and when a tick bites an infected mouse, it then carries the disease to any human it bites. If Lyme disease is not treated, it can spread through the whole body, affecting the heart and nervous system. Even if you do get treatment, you may still have long-term symptoms of pain and fatigue. Salmonella: Salmonella is a bacterial infection that affects 1.35 million people in the US every year. Salmonella is generally spread through infected chicken or eggs, but it can come from a variety of foods including other meats and vegetables. The symptoms of Salmonella, including fever, diarrhea, and cramps, are unpleasant, but most people recover without antibiotics in 4 to 7 days. Malaria: Malaria is a parasitic illness caused by a bite from an infected mosquito. In 2018, there were 228 million cases of malaria worldwide, mostly in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. Malaria causes flu-like symptoms including chills, aches, and nausea. If left untreated, it can be fatal. How to prevent and treat zoonotic diseases"There are relatively few vaccines for zoonotic diseases," Ostfeld says, but this is becoming a bigger focus for scientists after outbreaks of zoonotic viruses like Ebola and COVID-19. One challenge to developing a vaccine may be that some zoonotic diseases mutate into many different forms, making it difficult to create a universal vaccine. Zoonotic diseases are treated depending on the type of germ they come from. Bacteria are treated with antibiotics, while parasites can be treated with anti-parasitic drugs, Ostfeld says. "Handling, killing, and eating wildlife is definitely risky," Ostfeld says. Being in rodent-infested buildings can also increase your risk, as rodents are the source of many zoonotic infections, Ostfeld says. One important step to protect yourself against zoonotic disease is to use insect repellents or protective clothing to keep away ticks and mosquitoes. It's also important to always wash your hands after touching or being around animals. If you can't wash your hands right away, you can use a hand sanitizer with at least 60 percent alcohol to kill germs. Zoonotic diseases are a common cause of illness and it's important to take precautions whenever you may come into contact with animals. If you start to feel ill after having contact with an animal or animal droppings, go see a doctor as soon as possible.  |
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