The global parasitic diseases therapeutics market at a CAGR of about 5% during the forecast period - Yahoo Finance
The global parasitic diseases therapeutics market at a CAGR of about 5% during the forecast period - Yahoo Finance |
- The global parasitic diseases therapeutics market at a CAGR of about 5% during the forecast period - Yahoo Finance
- Miniaturized version of ribosome found in microsporidia - Phys.org
- What is rat lungworm disease? Five people in Hawaii recently found out. - Washington Post
| Posted: 01 Jul 2019 12:00 AM PDT NEW YORK, July 1, 2019 /PRNewswire/ -- Global Parasitic Diseases Therapeutics Market: About this market Parasitic diseases include amebiasis, trichomoniasis, trypanosomiasis, giardiasis, African sleeping sickness, leishmaniasis, and malaria. Our parasitic diseases therapeutics market analysis considers sales of antiprotozoal therapeutics, anthelminthic therapeutics, and Scabicides and pediculicides therapeutics. Our analysis also considers the sales of parasitic diseases therapeutics in Asia, Europe, North America, and ROW. In 2018, the antiprotozoal therapeutics segment had a significant market share, and this trend is expected to continue over the forecast period. Factors such as the high incidence of amebiasis in developing countries and industrialized countries will play a significant role in the antiprotozoal therapeutics segment to maintain its market position. Also, our global parasitic diseases therapeutics market report looks at factors such as the high prevalence of parasitic infections, approval of therapeutics to treat parasitic diseases, increased funding for R&D. However, challenges associated with antiparasitic drug discovery and diagnosing of disease, increasing drug resistance, and lack of effective therapies and side-effects of drugs may hamper the growth of the parasitic diseases therapeutics industry over the forecast period. Read the full report: https://www.reportlinker.com/p05791409/?utm_source=PRN Global Parasitic Diseases Therapeutics Market: Overview Rising prevalence of parasitic infections There is an increase in the number of cases of people infected by whipworms and hookworms. Also, infections caused by ectoparasites, helminths, and protozoa is increasing. The incidence of schistosomiasis is also growing on a global level. This will drive the need for parasitic disease therapeutics and lead to the expansion of the global parasitic diseases therapeutics market at a CAGR of about 5% during the forecast period. Increasing adoption of prophylactic treatment Researchers around the world are increasingly focusing on the development of vaccines due to the high prevalence of malaria. Diseases such as visceral leishmaniasis and cutaneous leishmaniasis can be prevented with the help of prophylactic vaccines. The development and consumption of such vaccines help in controlling parasitic diseases. This development is expected to have a positive impact on the overall market growth. For the detailed list of factors that will drive the global parasitic diseases therapeutics market during the forecast period 2019-2023, click here. Competitive Landscape With the presence of several major players, the global parasitic diseases therapeutics market is fragmented. Our robust vendor analysis is designed to help clients improve their market position, and in line with this, this report provides a detailed analysis of several leading parasitic diseases therapeutics manufacturers, that include Bayer AG, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., GlaxoSmithKline Plc, Pfizer Inc., and Sanaria Inc. Also, the parasitic diseases therapeutics market analysis report includes information on upcoming trends and challenges that will influence market growth. This is to help companies strategize and leverage on all forthcoming growth opportunities. Read the full report: https://www.reportlinker.com/p05791409/?utm_source=PRN About Reportlinker __________________________
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| Miniaturized version of ribosome found in microsporidia - Phys.org Posted: 22 Jul 2019 12:00 AM PDT  A research team lead by MIMS/SciLifeLab research group leader Jonas Barandun, Umeå University, Sweden, uses cryo-electron microscopy to provide near atomic details of the smallest known eukaryotic cytoplasmic protein synthesis machine, the microsporidian ribosome. One-hundred fifty years ago, the European silk industry was threatened by an unknown silkworm epidemic. At that time, Louis Pasteur was able to identify the source of infection and made important suggestions for treatment. Silk production in Europe survived. Today, a microsporidian parasite is known as the cause of this epidemic, and silk worm diseases still cause more than $100 million USD in losses to the Chinese silk industry every year. Microsporidiosis is not restricted to silk worms. The diverse phylum of the microsporidia contains thousands of species with parasites for essentially every animal. At least 14 of them can infect humans. Particularly at risk are aquacultures, sericultures and honey bee populations in which infections can wipe out entire hives, as well as immunocompromised patients. Microsporidia are a risk for the environment, agriculture and human health, and the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) recently added the parasitic fungi to the list of emerging pathogens of high priority. Even if microsporidia infections are among the most common parasitic diseases in all animals, relatively little is known about their fascinating molecular life, which is shaped by an accelerated evolutionary rate and extreme genome compaction. Together with researchers from the Rockefeller University and Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, Jonas Barandun, new group leader at the Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), has published the cryo-electron microscopy structure of the microsporidian ribosome, which visualizes the effect of extreme genome compaction on an essential molecular machine (Nature Microbiology, 22 July 2019). Microsporidian parasites can survive as spores in soil, water and air, where they arrest in a dormant state. Once ingested by a host, they use a unique, ultra-fast infection mechanism to inject the entire content of the spore into the host cell. Once inside of a cell, microsporidia steal small molecules such as ATP from their host organism. This parasitic nature allowed them to shed many important genes, reducing their genomes to produce these small molecules. This compaction resulted in the smallest genome ever described in eukaryotes—even smaller than some bacterial genomes—containing approximately 2000 highly compacted genes. "Microsporidia are the minimalists among the parasitic eukaryotes, reducing their genome to a minimum needed for survival and replication. This makes them ideal model organisms to study minimally required components of a molecular process," said Jonas Barandun.  Unexpected findings with the help of cryo-electron microscopy The first step was to obtain sufficient cellular amounts to extract ribosomes. To overcome this challenge, Jonas Barandun teamed up with a microsporidia specialist, Charles Vossbrinck, from the Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, who grew the microsporidium Vairimorpha necatrix in larvae of the corn earworm Helicoverpa zea, a pest that can cause major damage to cotton and corn crops. After extraction of spores from the host organism, ribosomes were isolated from them and cryo-EM and mass-spectrometry studies were performed in the laboratory of Sebastian Klinge, a ribosome specialist at Rockefeller University in New York, together with Mirjam Hunziker. This allowed the team to provide a near-atomic model of the smallest known eukaryotic cytoplasmic ribosome. In the studied organism, Vairimorpha nectatrix, the ribosomal RNA is approximately 30 percent shorter than the rRNA in yeast and even 15 percent shorter than the bacterial rRNA in E. coli. "While it was known that the microsporidian rRNA is significantly smaller than the related yeast rRNA, it was unclear if this compacted rRNA still was able to bind all the eukaryotic ribosomal proteins. Surprisingly, despite the loss of some of their RNA binding sites, almost all ribosomal proteins were still present in the structure, some of them exclusively bound by other ribosomal proteins and not in contact with RNA anymore," explains Jonas. Compared to the closest related ribosome structure from fungi, microsporidian ribosomes have lost only two ribosomal proteins. In one region of the ribosome, where several RNA elements have been removed, a previously unknown microsporidia-specific protein compensates for the extensive loss of RNA and serves as a placeholder. During their evolution into organisms with highly compacted genomes, microsporidia have removed essentially all eukaryotic expansion segments—insertions present in the eukaryotic ribosomal RNA. The findings represent a reversion of the evolutionary expansion found in eukaryotic ribosomes. In eukaryotic ribosomes, expansion segments interact extensively with ribosomal proteins and a loss of these elements could also coincide with loss of the proteins that are bound to them. "The most surprising finding was that the characterized ribosome appeared to be functionally inactivated by two microsporidian dormancy factors (MDF1, MDF2) and we can now assign a potential role to these two proteins of unknown function," says Jonas. Ribosomes were isolated from microsporidian spores, the extracellular dormant spore stage of the organism. As the parasite depends heavily on the resources of its host, an efficient shutdown mechanism for cellular processes could be advantageous to preserve energy during the spore stage. One of these two identified factors exists in all eukaryotic organisms, even in humans, but its role remained elusive. Future work will be required to confirm a similar role of this protein in other eukaryotic organisms. Explore further More information: Evolutionary compaction and adaptation visualized by the structure of the dormant microsporidian ribosome, Nature Microbiology (2019). DOI: 10.1038/s41564-019-0514-6 Provided by Umea University Citation: Miniaturized version of ribosome found in microsporidia (2019, July 22) retrieved 31 July 2019 from https://phys.org/news/2019-07-miniaturized-version-ribosome-microsporidia.html This document is subject to copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study or research, no part may be reproduced without the written permission. The content is provided for information purposes only.  |
| What is rat lungworm disease? Five people in Hawaii recently found out. - Washington Post Posted: 29 May 2019 12:00 AM PDT Hawaii public health authorities are urging both islanders and tourists to take precautions against rat lungworm, a parasitic worm that has infected five people in the state this year. Officials with Hawaii's Department of Health announced last week that lab tests have confirmed two visitors contracted rat lungworm disease while traveling in western Hawaii earlier this year. Over the past several months, three residents have also been sickened by the parasite, and 10 cases were confirmed statewide in 2018, officials said. "It's important that we ensure our visitors know the precautions to take to prevent rat lungworm disease, which can have severe long-term effects," Bruce Anderson, director of Hawaii's Department of Health, said in a statement Thursday. "Getting information to visitors about the disease is just as critical as raising awareness amongst our residents." [A young rugby player ate a slug on a 'mate's' dare. Now he's dead.] None of the five confirmed cases this year in Hawaii could be traced to a precise source of infection. However, health officials said one resident may have become infected by eating produce from a home garden that may have had a slug or snail infestation; one visitor ate homemade salads on vacation; and another visitor is believed to have been infected while "grazing" on unwashed produce from the island. Those who have been infected this year are adults, but the cases last year included three toddlers and one adolescent, officials said. A rat lungworm is a parasitic worm (Angiostrongylus cantonensis) that lives in rodents' lungs and can be passed onto snails and slugs — and then to humans, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. As the CDC explained in a video, the rodent — typically a rat — coughs up the worms and then swallows them, forcing them into its stomach. Eventually, the rat excretes the worms. Snails or slugs can become infected by eating the rat's feces, according to the CDC, and people can become infected by eating those snails or slugs. However, the CDC stated, an infected person cannot pass it on to others.
So how can people avoid it?
Some people who have contracted rat lungworm disease do not experience symptoms or symptoms are mild and often subside without medical intervention, according to the CDC. But in rare instances, the CDC said, the disease can lead to eosinophilic meningitis, an extremely rare infection that can cause muscle weakness, paralysis, coma and death. In late 2018, a young Australian rugby player who had swallowed a slug on a dare — and contracted rat lungworm disease — died, eight years after the parasite invaded his brain, leaving him paralyzed and unable to care for himself, according to local reports. [A young rugby player ate a slug on a 'mate's' dare. Now he's paralyzed.] Heather Stockdale Walden, an assistant professor of parasitology at the University of Florida's College of Veterinary Medicine, said rat lungworm disease has been seen in Hawaii for decades. "It has had a long time to spread throughout the islands and make its way into native snail populations and Hawaii has several potential intermediate hosts for this parasite," she wrote in an email to The Washington Post. "This puts it in closer proximity to humans and accidental consumption." Walden added that in the continental United States, "we have known about the presence of the rat lungworm since the 1980s when it was found in Louisiana. Since then, it has been reported in a handful of states, and we found it throughout Florida — from Miami to the Panhandle." Though, according to the CDC, there have been "very few" confirmed cases reported in the continental United States. "It's an extraordinary parasite that we need to pay attention to, but not something that should cause fear," Walden wrote. "Educating those living in endemic areas, areas where this parasite has been reported, or those traveling to endemic areas is important in order to limit accidental infections through ingestion of the infected mollusks." The parasitologist added, "Keeping an eye on children and talking to them about the mollusks and also making sure pets are not ingesting the mollusks is important." Read more: 'Like someone stuck an ice pick in my collarbone': Painful rat lungworm disease on upswing in Hawaii  |
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